The Open Data initiative at MICCAI was launched to promote the sharing of high-quality medical imaging datasets, with a particular focus on underrepresented populations and diseases. As access to diverse, representative, and inclusive datasets is crucial for advancing medical machine learning, the initiative aims to foster collaboration and innovation by providing a platform for dataset dissemination and discussion.

The inaugural Open Data event was held at MICCAI 2024 in Marrakesh, Morocco. In 2024, Open Data received 8 dataset submissions, of which 5 were accepted and invited to submit their papers to this special issue of MELBA. Building on this foundation, the 2025 edition, held at MICCAI 2025 in Daejeon, South Korea, received 10 submissions. One submission was rejected and one was later retracted, leaving 8 accepted papers—all of which were invited to contribute to this special issue.

These collected papers reflect the growth and maturity of the Open Data initiative, highlighting the value of datasets from underrepresented populations and diseases, and illustrating the central role of high-quality data in driving advances in machine learning for healthcare. The initiative remains closely aligned with the principles of FAIR data and Data-centric AI, emphasizing that robust models require robust, well-curated datasets.

We are delighted to present this special issue of MELBA, showcasing the datasets and associated research from the 2024 and 2025 Open Data initiative at MICCAI. We hope that making these works openly accessible will continue to advance medical imaging research, inspire collaboration, and support the development of inclusive and impactful AI solutions for global healthcare.

Guest Editors,

• Martijn Starmans, PhD, Erasmus MC, the Netherlands
• Apostolia Tsirikoglou, PhD, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
• Lidia Garrucho Moras, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
• Kaouther Mouheb, Erasmus MC, the Netherlands

MICCAI 2024 Open Data: https://conferences.miccai.org/2024/en/OPEN-DATA.html

MICCAI 2025 Open Data: https://conferences.miccai.org/2025/en/OPEN-DATA.html

13 papers

A schistosomiasis dataset with bright- and darkfield images

2025/12/31
Special Issue on Open Data at MICCAI 2024–2025

Dieudonné K. SiluéUFR Biosciences, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.
Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d’Ivoire, Abidjan Côte d’Ivoire. et al.

Dieudonné K. SiluéUFR Biosciences, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.
Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d’Ivoire, Abidjan Côte d’Ivoire., María Díaz de León DerbyDepartment of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California., Charles B. DelahuntGlobal Health Labs, Inc, Bellevue, Washington., Anne-Laure Le NyGlobal Health Labs, Inc, Bellevue, Washington., Ethan SpencerGlobal Health Labs, Inc, Bellevue, Washington., Maxim ArmstrongDepartment of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California., Karla N. FisherDivision of General Internal Medicine, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.
Division of Infectious Diseases, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada., Daniel A. FletcherDepartment of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California.
Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California.
Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, California., Isaac I. BogochDivision of General Internal Medicine, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.
Division of Infectious Diseases, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.
Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada., Jean T. CoulibalyUFR Biosciences, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.
Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d’Ivoire, Abidjan Côte d’Ivoire.

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The Trauma THOMPSON Dataset for Real-World Emergency AI

2025/12/31
Special Issue on Open Data at MICCAI 2024–2025

Yupeng ZhuoPurdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA, Eddie ZhangPurdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA, Xiangchen YuPurdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA, Aditya PachpandePurdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA, Andrew W. KirkpatrickUniversity of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, Kyle CouperusThe Geneva Foundation, Tacoma, WA, USA, Jessica MckeeUniversity of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, Juan WachsPurdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA

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SCOPE-HN: A Segmentation-based Collection of OroPharyngeal Structures Using Flexible Endoscopy for Head and Neck Cancers

2025/12/31
Special Issue on Open Data at MICCAI 2024–2025

Nikita BediDivision of Head & Neck Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, Stanford University, Anita RauDepartment of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Alberto PadernoDepartment of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Humanitas Research Hospital, Hlu VangDivision of Head & Neck Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, Stanford University, Yoon Kyoung SoDivision of Head & Neck Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, Stanford University, F.~Christopher HolsingerDivision of Head & Neck Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, Stanford University

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SibBMS: Siberian Brain Multiple Sclerosis Dataset with lesion segmentation and patient meta information

2025/12/31
Special Issue on Open Data at MICCAI 2024–2025

Bair N. TuchinovInstitute International Tomography Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia, Anna I. ProkaevaInstitute International Tomography Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia, Lyubov M VasilkivInstitute International Tomography Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia, Yuliya A. StankevichInstitute International Tomography Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia, Denis S. KorobkoInstitute International Tomography Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia, Nadezhda A. MalkovaInstitute International Tomography Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia, Andrey A. TulupovInstitute International Tomography Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia

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MyData: A Comprehensive Database of Mycetoma Tissue Microscopic Images for Histopathological Analysis

2025/12/31
Special Issue on Open Data at MICCAI 2024–2025

Hyam Omar AliFaculty of Mathematical Sciences, University of Khartoum, 11111, Khartoum, Sudan
The Mycetoma Research Centre, University of Khartoum, 11111, Khartoum, Sudan
U1253 iBrain, University of Tours, Inserm, 37032, Tours, France
CNRS U7013 Institute Denis Poisson, University of Orleans, 45067, Orleans, France, Romain AbrahamCNRS U7013 Institute Denis Poisson, University of Orleans, 45067, Orleans, France, Guillaume DesoubeauxParasitology and Mycology Department, Bretonneau Hospital, 37032, Tours, France
INSERM U1100, University of Tours, 37032, Tours, France, Ahmed FahalThe Mycetoma Research Centre, University of Khartoum, 11111, Khartoum, Sudan, Clovis TauberU1253 iBrain, University of Tours, Inserm, 37032, Tours, France

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HyKid: An Open MRI Dataset with Expert-Annotated Multi-Structure and Choroid Plexus in Pediatric Hydrocephalus

2025/12/31
Special Issue on Open Data at MICCAI 2024–2025

Yunzhi XuCollege of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, Yushuang DingDepartment of Radiology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China, Hu SunNeurosurgery of Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China, Hongxi ZhangDepartment of Radiology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China, Li ZhaoCollege of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China

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SurgiSR4K: A High‑Resolution Endoscopic Video Dataset for Robotic-Assisted Minimally Invasive Procedures

2025/12/31
Special Issue on Open Data at MICCAI 2024–2025

Fengyi JiangIntuitive Surgical, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA et al.

Fengyi JiangIntuitive Surgical, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA, Xiaorui ZhangIntuitive Surgical, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA, Lingbo JinIntuitive Surgical, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA, Ruixing LiangIntuitive Surgical, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA
Johns Hopkins Medicine Neurosurgery, Baltimore, MD, USA
Johns Hopkins University Electrical and Computer Engineering, Baltimore, MD, USA, Yuxin ChenIntuitive Surgical, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA
University of British Columbia Electrical and Computer Engineering, Vancouver, BC, Canada, Adi Chola VenkateshIntuitive Surgical, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA, Jason CulmanIntuitive Surgical, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA, Tiantian WuWilford & Kate Bailey Small Animal Teaching Hospital, Auburn, AL, USA, Lirong ShaoIntuitive Surgical, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA, Wenqing SunIntuitive Surgical, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA, Cong GaoIntuitive Surgical, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA, Hallie McNamaraIntuitive Surgical, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA, Jingpei LuIntuitive Surgical, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA, Omid MohareriIntuitive Surgical, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA

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PediDemi - A Pediatric Demyelinating Lesion Segmentation Dataset

2025/12/31
Special Issue on Open Data at MICCAI 2024–2025

Maria PopaDepartment of Computer Science, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Babeș Bolyai University Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Mihail Kogălniceanu 1, Gabriela Adriana VișaThe Clinical Pediatric Hospital Sibiu, Pompeiu Onofreiu 2-4, Sibiu, Romania

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BaMBo: An Annotated Bone Marrow Biopsy Dataset for Segmentation Task

2025/12/31
Special Issue on Open Data at MICCAI 2024–2025

Anilpreet SinghDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Roopnagar, India
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, India, Satyender DharamdasaniDepartment of Hematology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India, Praveen SharmaDepartment of Hematology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India, Sukrit GuptaDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Roopnagar, India

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A COCO-Formatted Instance-Level Dataset for Plasmodium Falciparum Detection in Giemsa-Stained Blood Smears

2025/12/31
Special Issue on Open Data at MICCAI 2024–2025

Frauke WilmMIRA Vision Microscopy GmbH, 73037 Göppingen, Germany
Pattern Recognition Lab, Department of Computer Science, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany, Luis Carlos Rivera MonroyMIRA Vision Microscopy GmbH, 73037 Göppingen, Germany
Pattern Recognition Lab, Department of Computer Science, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany, Mathias ÖttlMIRA Vision Microscopy GmbH, 73037 Göppingen, Germany
Pattern Recognition Lab, Department of Computer Science, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany, Lukas MürdterMIRA Vision Microscopy GmbH, 73037 Göppingen, Germany, Leonid MillMIRA Vision Microscopy GmbH, 73037 Göppingen, Germany
Pattern Recognition Lab, Department of Computer Science, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany, Andreas MaierPattern Recognition Lab, Department of Computer Science, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany

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BoMBR: An Annotated Bone Marrow Biopsy Dataset for Segmentation of Reticulin Fibers

2025/12/31
Special Issue on Open Data at MICCAI 2024–2025

Panav RainaDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Roopnagar, India
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, UIET, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India, Satyender DharamdasaniDepartment of Hematology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India, Dheeraj ChinnamDepartment of Hematology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India, Praveen SharmaDepartment of Hematology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India, Sukrit GuptaDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Roopnagar, India

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T-SYNTH: A Knowledge-Based Dataset of Synthetic Breast Images

2025/12/31
Special Issue on Open Data at MICCAI 2024–2025

Christopher WiedemanOffice of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA, Anastasiia SarmakeevaOffice of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA, Elena SizikovaOffice of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA, Daniil FilienkoOffice of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA, Miguel LagoOffice of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA, Jana G. DelfinoOffice of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA, Aldo BdadanoOffice of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA

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CTSpine1K: A Large-Scale Dataset for Spinal Vertebrae Segmentation in Computed Tomography

2025/12/31
Special Issue on Open Data at MICCAI 2024–2025

Yang DengKey Lab of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
Suzhou Institute of Intelligent Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215028, China
School of Biomedical Engineering, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, and also with the Center for Medical Imaging, Robotics, Analytic Computing & Learning (MIRACLE), Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China et al.

Yang DengKey Lab of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
Suzhou Institute of Intelligent Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215028, China
School of Biomedical Engineering, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, and also with the Center for Medical Imaging, Robotics, Analytic Computing & Learning (MIRACLE), Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China, Ce WangKey Lab of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
Suzhou Institute of Intelligent Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215028, China, Yuan HuiKey Lab of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
Suzhou Institute of Intelligent Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215028, China, Qian LiKey Lab of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
Suzhou Institute of Intelligent Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215028, China, Jun LiKey Lab of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China, Shiwei LuoDepartment of Radiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China, Mengke SunKey Lab of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China, Quan QuanKey Lab of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China, Shuxin YangKey Lab of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China, You HaoKey Lab of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
Suzhou Institute of Intelligent Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215028, China, Pengbo LiuKey Lab of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China, Honghu XiaoBeijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, 100035, China, Chunpeng ZhaoBeijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, 100035, China, Xinbao WuBeijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, 100035, China, S. Kevin ZhouKey Lab of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
Suzhou Institute of Intelligent Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215028, China
School of Biomedical Engineering, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, and also with the Center for Medical Imaging, Robotics, Analytic Computing & Learning (MIRACLE), Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China

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